中国食品安全监管机制改革的思考：安全信息不对称的视角

随着现代社会分工的逐步细化,食品供应链条越来越长、环节越来越多、呈现出跨部门、跨地区、跨国界等特点,进一步加大了食品安全风险发生的概率,食品安全监管必须着眼于整个食品供给链的监管。但我国现行的食品安全监管机制恰恰割断了供应链体系的完整性。文章主要从食品安全问题的本质特征出发,就我国食品安全监管机制的改革提出了思考,认为食品安全风险的本质是信息不对称问题,政府对食品安全的监管应由传统的直接监管逐渐转向直接监管、安全信息交流与管制等方面的有机结合,建立有效的食品安全的信息传递机制。由于可追溯体系能有效解决食品交易中的信息不对称问题,协调食品供应链成员间利益与风险,进而从整个食品供给链来管理食品安全,实现食品安全全程监管,因此从我国的实际出发,逐步推进食品可追溯体系的建设,应该成为我国食品安全监管机制改革的重要载体。

The Thinking of China＇s Food Safety Supervision Mechanism：The Perspective of Asymmetric Security Information

With the gradual refinement of modern social division of labor,food supply chains become longer and longer with more and more parts,showing a cross-sector,inter-regional and cross-border characteristics,which further increases the probability of occurrence of food safety risks;food safety regulation must focus on the regulation of the entire food supply chain.But China＇s current food safety supervision mechanism just cut off the supply chain integrity.This article will start from the essential characteristics of food safety issues,propose the thinking of China＇s food safety supervision mechanism;the author thinks that the food safety risk is the essence of the problem of asymmetric information;government regulation of food safety should turn to a combination of direct supervision,security information exchange and control from traditional direct supervision,to establish an effective food safety information transmission mechanism.As a traceability system can effectively solve the food problem of asymmetric information in the transaction,coordinate benefits and risks among the of the food supply chain members,then managing food safety from the entire food supply chain and achieving a full control of food safety;therefore,from the reality of our country,a step-by-step construction of the food traceability system should be an important carrier of the reform of China＇s food safety supervision mechanism.