1945年日本对苏外交失败述评

二战结束在即，在内外交困的情势之下，铃木内阁上台。在结束战争的方式上，日本寄希望于通过苏联从中斡旋达到体面的求和，以东乡茂德为首的主和派由此而展开了一系列外交努力。先是通过与苏联驻日大使马立克的接触表达日本政府意欲通过苏联调停的意向，后又有意派遣特使赴苏联代表天皇和苏联谈判，准备以大幅度领土利益上的舍却为代价，换取苏联的居间中立，不参加对日作战。苏联早在雅尔塔会议时期间，已经得到罗斯福若干承诺，并答应美英两国欧洲战事结束后将在远东战场上对日作战。最终，8月8日苏联对日的一纸宣战书，使日本对其寄予的希望成为泡影。

Review of the Japanese Diplomatic Setback to the Soviet Union in 1945

When the suzukikanntarou cabinet came to power, the second world war was coming to an end. For the Japanese government, the internal and external situations had gone too bad. As to how to finish this war, Japan desired to get a graceful end by the intervention of the Soviet Union. Just because of this, tougousigenori and his colleagues made a series of efforts. First, they contacted the soviet ambassador, and gave him such a message that Japanese government wanted to get the intervention from the Soviet Union. When this did not get response, Japan planned to send a special ambassador to negotiate with Soviet Union, intending to give the latter many territory interests, only if could the Soviet Union remain neutral. But on the other hand, as early as in 1942, the Soviet Union has got the guarantee of the united states, promising that, when the European war ended, the Soviet Union would go to war against Japan in the Far East. On August 8th, 1945, the Soviet Union declared war on Japan, pushing Japan into the sea of disappointment.