从元代文人画析中国笔墨的审美表现

元代文人画以山水最为盛行。从几位典型画家的作品分析元代文人画的笔墨特点。文人画中有明显的独特的审美倾向：形似之外求其画；气韵非师；诗书入画。元代文人画的审美倾向，不仅通过创作表现出来，更重要的是从文人画家的诗文评论和画谱画诀等理论中体现出来，这些审美倾向直接促进了文人画寄情写意和品格形态的建立。此后，文人画成为中国古代绘画趣味和风格的主导方向。

AESTHETIC EXPRESSION OF BRUSH & INK FROM THE LITERATI PAINTINGS OF THE YUAN DYNASTY

Landscape paintings were all the vogue for literati during the Yuan Dynasty and the literati then had distinct aesthetic inclination. The paper analyzes the characteristics of their brush and ink starting with several typical painters. Their paintings are finished beyond similar shapes and the painting flavor cannot be taught; paintings are formed with poetry and books. The aesthetic inclination of literati paintings is expressed not only through paining but also comments on poetry and articles. The aesthetic inclination directly promotes the estab- lishment of ＂expressing feelings with freehand brushwork＂ and ＂portraying the characters via literati paint- ings＂. Then literati paintings become the leading focus of interests and styles of the Chinese ancient paintings.