附随义务与合同对第三人的保护效力

通过附随义务理论的发展,实现合同责任主观范围或客观范围的扩张,乃是合同法实现现代社会化发展的一个显著特征。德国“附保护第三人作用的合同”就是以附随义务为媒介,将第三人纳入合同责任的保护之下,是合同责任主观范围扩张的典型制度。其法理基础在于,诚信原则要求合同债务人对与债权人有密切关系的特定第三人应负必要的照顾、保护等附随义务。通过附随义务扩大合同责任,体现了在现代社会中信赖关系的增强以及法律对信赖利益的日益重视,是合同法适应现代社会发展的一大趋势。

Subordinated Obligation and Contract Protecting the Third Party

Realizing the extension of contractual liability's subject and object scope,by means of development of the subordinated obligation theory,is a marked characteristic of law contract which is adapted to modern society."Auxiliary contract for protecting the right of the third party" in Germany,which puts the third party under the protection of contractual liability,is a typical system of extension of contractual liability's subject scope.Its legal basis lies in the fact that,according to good faith doctrine,the contractual debtor has the subordinated obligation to care for the special third party which is closely related to creditor.Subordinated obligation extends contractual liability,which shows that reliance relationship is strengthened and that reliance interest is putting emphasis on,which is the trend that contract law adapts to modern social development.