邯郸学步,失其故步——也谈中国哲学研究中的"反向格义"问题

以西方哲学的门类划分来重构或重新叙述中国哲学,是一种比一般观念层面的反向格义后果更为严重的一种反向格义。本体论这个译名使我们对西方的ontology产生了根本的误解。熊十力根据他的理解,认为本体论和宇宙论是人类思想的普遍问题,而没有看到这些术语的确是"西欧学人据其所有者分判"。就反向格义的思想路数而言,牟宗三与其师如出一辙。反向格义的结果是,我们把被人已经彻底批判否定的东西当作普遍有效的真理来接受,而西方哲学发展的积极成果对我们的哲学研究几乎没有产生什么积极的影响。

On Reverse Analogical Interpretation in Chinese Philosophical Studies

Reconstructing(or re-narrating)the ancient Chinese philosophy on the basis of the Western philosophical classification may result in what could be more unfavorable than the reverse analogical interpretation of Chinese philosophy on the common beliefs.The rendered version of ontology(bentilun)leads to a deplorable misunderstanding of the concept.Though taking ontology and cosmology as human concern of universality,Xiong Shili fails to recognize that these terms are coinages by European philosophers in their own cultural context.Mou Zongsan differs little from his teacher Xiong Shili in the reverse analogical interpretation.The consequence of its practice is:while we are cherishing as universal truth what has been completely denied by the Western philosophers,the developments in the Western philosophy can hardly be positively felt in our philosophical studies.