对外文化教学中的主体意识略论

在一般的人类实践活动中,主体与客体的关系往往是主动与被动、决定与被决定的关系。但在对外文化教学实践活动中,由于教者与学者都是主体,原来的主体与客体之间的主动与被动、决定与被决定关系变成了第一主体与第二主体之间的平行互动、共生互决关系。在目前第二主体及其意识还未被关注的状况下,我们尤其要提倡以第二主体为中心的人本主义教育思想与教学方法,充分考虑和尊重作为第二主体即外籍学生的学习动机、感情倾向和价值观。

On Subject Consciousness in Teaching Culture to Foreign Students

In ordinary human practices, the relationship between the subject and the object is that between the actor and the receiver or between the decision maker and the decision taker. In teaching culture to foreign students, however, since the teacher and the learner are both subjects, the original active-passive relationship becomes an interactive relationship between the first subject and the second subject. At present, as the second subject and his consciousness are not taken into consideration, it is of special importance to promote the humanistic thought and methods of teaching methods centered on the second subject, i. e. the foreign learner, with respect to his motivations, emotions and values.