市场秩序和市场规则

我国现实的经济转型中出现的市场失效的原因可归结为由缺乏规则所导致的市场秩序的混乱。其理论说明是现实经济中的市场不完全,包括竞争不完全、信息不完全、由机会主义行为导致的市场失效,特别是由市场信息的不对称导致的“劣币驱逐良币”现象。提高市场调节效果,降低市场运行成本的重要途径是建立市场规范,也就是建立市场规则。这种规则即俱乐部规则。其中包括市场经济运行的规则,企业、政府替代和干预市场的规则,政府规制、法制和道德规范替代市场的规则。

The Market Order and Market Rules

Market ineffectiveness arising out of the real-life economic transformation in China can be attributed to the disorder of the market order caused by the lack of market rules. This can be theoretically explained by an incomplete market in real-life economy, including incomplete competition, incomplete information, market ineffectiveness caused by opportunistic behavior, and especially the "inferior-currency-drives-away-superior-currency phenomenon created by the asymmetry of market information. An important means of improving market regulation effectiveness and reducing market costs is to establish market standards i.e. establishing market rules. They are club rules, including market economy operation rules, rules for enterprise and government to exercise substitution and intervention in the market, and rules for the substitution of the market with government rules, laws and moral standards.