“政府利益界定”研究与分析

学界专家围绕政府利益分别提出了五种代表性观点,即政府利益就是公共利益;政府利益是与公共利益相区别的政府自身利益;政府和公务员既代表公共利益,又有小团体和个人利益;行政机关代表公共利益,而政府官员则具有自身利益;剥削阶级国家的政府拥有自身特殊利益,社会主义国家的政府代表公共利益。上述观点各有其合理之处与缺陷不足,未来政府利益的研究应在科学确定政府与公众关系的基础上,采用结构形态研究方法,把宏观研究与微观研究,定性研究与定量研究有机结合起来,开拓多学科交叉的研究视野,重视政府利益作用的研究。

A Further Analysis of the Definition of Governmental Interest

Centered on what governmental interest is, five representative points of view are respectively put forward in the academic circles： governmental interest is public interest; governmental interest is the governments own interest that differs from the public interest; governments and their civil servants not only represent the interest of the public but also are possessed of the interests of their own small groups and the individuals among them; the governmental administrative organs represent the interests of the public while the governmental officials have their own interests; the governments that represent the exploiting-class-controlled countries have their own special interests while the governments of the socialist countries represent the interests of the public. Both rationality and defect exist in the above points of view. It is suggested that based on scientifically establishing the relationship between government and the publich, in the future research on government＇s interests, the structure-and-formation research method be taken; the macro research and the micro one be organically combined, and the qualitative research and the quantitative one organiaclly combined, too： multi-disciplinary overlapping reseaches be opened up; and the research on the effect of governmental interests be emphasized.