农村留守妇女性别平等意识研究——基于常德市安乡县实地调研的经验分析

通过调查问卷和入户访谈的方法,对湖南省常德市安乡县4村100名留守妇女进行实地调研,从留守妇女对社会地位、劳动分工、家内事务和两性性别角色的认知四方面可以看出,新时代农村留守妇女的性别平等意识呈现出有所觉醒却依旧保守的特点。造成这一现象的主要原因是经济发展落后且结构单一、基层行政主体的性别平等意识欠缺、传统性别观念根深蒂固及农村留守妇女自身局限等。只有立足于农村留守妇女的现实境况,建立针对性强的就业保障体系,增强公共政策与管理中的社会性别意识,注重性别平等的文化教育,调动妇女们的主体积极性,使她们从意识层面摆脱传统观念的束缚,才能提高社会生产力,从而推动农村经济和整个社会的和谐与发展。

On gender equality consciousness of left-behind women in rural areas——based on field investigation

Through questionnaires and in-home interviews,based on the field investigation of 100 left-behind women in 4 villages of Anxiang County,Changde City,Hunan Province,it can be seen from the left-behind women’s cognition of social status,labordivision,domestic affairs and gender roles that the left-behind women in rural areas in the new era have a somewhat awakened but still conservative gender equality consciousness.The main reasons for this phenomenon are the backward economic development and single structure,the lack of gender equality consciousness in grassroots administration,the deep-rooted traditional gender concept and the limitations of left behind women in rural areas.Therefore,we need establish a targeted employment security system,strengthen the gender consciousness in public policy and management,highlight gender equality education,arouse women’s enthusiasm to get rid of the bondage of traditional ideas consciously,in order to improve the social productivity and promote the harmony and development of rural economy and the society as a whole.