黄土高原生态战略下的农业发展模式研究——以甘肃省庆阳市为例

庆阳市属于黄土高原沟壑区,地形以山地沟谷为主,生态环境脆弱,水土流失严重。耕地面积小,人口压力大,农业经济不发达,面临生态建设的迫切任务。在当前国家退耕还林政策下,为了实现生产发展与生态保护的双赢,就应该走生态农业发展之路。结合生态建设重点发展林果业、草畜业和特色种植业,因地制宜地推行科学的生态农业发展模式,建立农林草畜各业相互联系、相互促进的农业生产系统。通过林草资源的合理利用、农业生产结构调整、农业生产方式的转变、农产品质量的提升和农产品深加工等方面的发展提高生产效益。在这一发展过程中,政府要发挥主导作用,通过科学规划、体制创新、改进生产技术、增加投资和提高农业生产的保障能力,加快农业生产结构和方式的转变,促进生态和环境的持续协调发展。

A Study Mode of Ecological Agriculture Development Strategies on the Gully Region of Loess Plateau Qingyang,Gansu Province-for Example

Qingyang lies in the gully region on loess plateau mountainous terrain,which gives priority to weak ecological environment,serious soil erosion.Due to its shortage on cultivated land,the pressure on population and a weak agricultural economy,it faces the urgent task of ecological construction.Under the current national reforestry policies,an ecological agricultural development strategy should be accepted so as to achieve both mass production and ecological protection.Only by combining forestry and fruits,grass supply industries and livestock,characteristic planting with ecological construction and carrying out a scientific eco-agriculture mode according to its own advantages and disadvantages,can we build a agricultural development system in which a mutual connection and promotion among the four items will be produced.Through rational utilization of the grass and resources,agriculture structure adjustment,agricultural production reform,the promotion on the quality of products and the futher processing of agricultural products,we can improve production efficiency.Government should play a leading role in the process of development,try to accelerate the transformation of agricultural production structure and mode and promote the continuous development of ecological and environmental coordination through scientific planning,system innovation,improving production technology,increasing investment and improving agricultural production capability.