大学新生心理健康状况调查及教育对策

本文以江苏大学2003级6135名大学新生为调查对象，采用UPI量表进行心理健康状况调查和分析。结果发现，大学新生中有19．96％的学生可能有严重的心理问题，有29．68％的学生可能有某种心理问题；主要以生活和学习环境变化所导致的人际关系紧张、情绪困扰、强迫和神经衰弱等问题居多；男生有心理问题的学生明显高于女生；工学有严重心理问题的学生，高于医学和人文科学的学生。针对大学新生不同类型的心理问题，高校必须开展行之有效的心理健康教育，提高大学新生的自立和自理能力，使其主动地进行自我心理调适，成功度过大学新生适应期。

A Survey of Freshmen' s Psychological Health and Suggested Solutions to Their Mental Problems

The authors of this paper conducted a survey about the psychological condition of 6 135 freshmen enrolled in 2003 in Jiangsu University by employing the UPI. The results show that 19. 96% of the freshmen may have serious psychological problems while 29. 68% may have mental problems of one kind or another. Among these problems are the apprehension of interpersonal relationships caused by the change of living and studying environment, puzzled emotions, compulsion, and neurasthenia. And more male students suffer from psychological problems than female students:the incidence of mental problems among engineering students is greater than among students majoring in medical science and humanities. In order to solve different types of psychological problems among freshmen, the university should conduct effective education in mental health, improve freshmen' s capacity for self-dependence and help them adjust their psychological conditions to go through the transitional phase at university smoothly.