新时期大学生典型教育的再认识和有效引导

通过对南京中医药大学九个学院的抽样调查，发现大部分青年学生在心理上认同先进典型的重要作用，但对先进典型的关注度下降；道德品质、精神品质、人格魅力和典型事迹是学生衡量校园先进典型非常重要因素；校园先进典型在大学生成长过程中是不可或缺的重要元素，但当前学校选树先进典型机制还不完善；大学生肯定典型宣传作用的积极作用，但学校对于典型的宣传只停留于一般评选流程、一般宣传报道，对其内在思想的挖掘较肤浅，典型的延展度不够，没能深入结合当代大学生的生活世界；学校、各学院都能有序开展一些学习先进典型活动，但青年大学生学习先进典型活动的动机各异。新时期要有效发挥先进典型的教育影响作用必须厘清先进典型教育中主客体关系的变化；进一步提高对校园先进典型孵化的重要性的认识；多类别、广渠道选树各级各类“亲切型”典型；立足实际，探索先进典型的孵化模式；注重实效，加强先进典型的宣传对位。

Reflections on Education of College Students through Models and Effective Guidance in the New Era

A sample survey and interviews of the students in nine colleges of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine show that though a large majority of them recognize mentally the important role of models, they do not pay enough attention to them, that though the models on campus are indispensable to the development of college students, the mechanism for setting up good examples is by no means perfect and the publicization of the models is only confined to the selecting procedure and some general reports, but their advanced mentality is not fully revealed and related to students＇ life-world, and that students have various motivations in the movements launched to call on them to learn from the models. In order to bring into full play models＇ role in educa- tion in the new era, the subject-object relationship in education through models should first be clarified, the importance of the models should be further recognized, easy-to-reach models of different types should be set up at various levels, the model-producing pattern should be practically explored and the efficiency of pulicization of the models should be improved.