危机时代的大学治理与变革——阿什比《科技发达时代的大学教育》核心思想分析

《科技发达时代大学教育》自1983年被译介到我国以来受到广泛而持续的关注,在中文核心和CSSCI期刊中被引500多次,然而学界并未对该著作中的主要思想进行系统总结和评析。阿什比的主要思想可以分为大学治理思想、大学改革思想、大学育人思想等三个方面。在大学治理方面,他认为大学应该实行分权治理、多元参与、重心下移、保持动态平衡;在改革方面,他提出主动改革、渐进改革,坚守大学的内在逻辑发挥主导作用,处理好传承与创新的辩证关系;在学生培养方面,他认为最高目标是提升学生的修养和判断能力,"教育的最优良的特点"以及"大学最高目标"都需要通过师生交流才能实现。

University Governance and Reform in the Era of Crisis： A Review Analysis of Ashby＇s Adapting Universities to a Technological Society

Ashby＇s Adapting Universities to a Technological Society has aroused much concern since its translation in 1983, and has been cited more than 500 times in important and CSSCI journals. However, there has never been a systematic summary and analysis of its main ideas in the academic field. Ashby＇s main ideas can be classified into thoughts on university governance, on university reform and on university education. As for governance, he thinks that the university should carry out decentralized management and advocate multi participation to keep dynamic balance. In terms of reform, he suggests that active reform should be combined with progressive reform and that the internal logic of the university should play the leading role in handling the dialectical relationship between heritage and innovation. As far as student training is concerned, he holds that the supreme target is upgrading students in culture and judgment, and ＂the best aspects of education＂ and ＂the university＇s supreme goal＂ will come true through communication between students and teachers