古代德治基础的多维透视——基于社会学角度的分析

本文主要从以个体小农经济为特征的自然经济、以宗法等级制度为特征的组织结构、以封建官僚政治为特征的君主专制制度、以道德伦理为核心的儒家思想等角度 ,对中国古代德治存在的基础进行了分析和评价。指出 :特殊的背景赋予中性概念的德治以特殊的性质。在自然经济、宗法社会、封建君主专制、儒家伦理文化土壤中成长的古代德治不可避免地发生异化 ,最终落入君主一人专制的巢臼 ;当代德治与古代德治有着根本的不同

An Analysis of the Different Perspectives of the Basis for the Ancient Governing by Morality and Ethics

The paper has analysed and evaluated the basis for the ancient governing by morality and ethics from the following perspectives: the perspective of the natural economy which takes as its characteristics the small scale farming by individual owners; the perspective of the organizational structure with the patriarchal and hierarchical system as its feature; the perspective of the autocratic monarchy system with the feudal bureaucratic politics as its characteristics; the perspective of the Confucian thoughts with the morality and the ethics as their focuses. The article points out that the specific settings and backgrounds bestow special characteristics on the neutral concept of morality and ethics. It's inevitable for the ancient governing by morality and ethics to alienate which developed in the natural economy, the patriarchal and hierarchical society, the feudal autocratic monarchy and the Confucian ethics culture. The consequence of this alienation is the autocratic monarchy. The governing by morality and ethics of nowadays is fundamentally different from that of the ancient times.