道统维护与思想启蒙——论“童心说”的双重使命及儒学的终结

在明末道学僵化和名教桎梏的催逼下,李贽为探究性命下落和儒学的真精神,用“真-空”观取代“道-器”论,将“赤子之心”置换为“童心”,通过“童心说”对“真”的追求,在心学范式下艰难维护儒学道统的同时开启了前近代的思想启蒙运动。“童心说”双重使命的内在冲突决定了李贽只能以儒学“异端”的形象被排斥,而农业文明的延续必然会导致封建统治者对程朱理学的再度加强。李贽“童心说”的衰世绝音意味着儒学伴随农业文明的终结而终结。

Confucian Orthodoxy Maintenance and Ideological Enlightenment——On Dual Mission of Childlike Innocence Theory and Finality of Confucianism

Against the fossilization of Daoist and fetter of Confuican ethical code in the end of Ming Dynasty, Li Zhi made great efforts for the study of life and essence of Confucianism. For instance, he used ＂truth-hollow＂ theory to take place of ＂way and concrete things＂, using ＂Childlike innocence theory＂ to replace ＂pure and innocent theory＂. By means of this, he maintained Confucian orthodoxy in the field of Paradigm of the School of Mindo Meanwhile, he paved the way for the ideological enlightenment in pre-modern times. Dual Mission of Childlike Innocence Theory is the root for Li Zhi＇s fortune, that is, he was rejected as a ＂heresy＂. When agricultural civilization took priority in society, the feudal rulers was badly influenced by platonic ideas. The outcry of Li showed the gradual disappearance of agricultural civilization as well as Confucianism.