罗尔斯差别原则对弱势群体利益的关注——基于社会救助（保障）制度之道德正当性与政治合法性思考

差别原则是罗尔斯分配正义论的核心价值圭臬。差别原则作为一种分配正义原则，体现了寻求最大经济平等的道德理想，蕴涵着对社会底层人员和弱势群体的伦理关怀，是对资本主义福利国家实践的理论表达，为现代社会救助（保障）制度提供了道德正当性和政治合法性证明。当然，差别原则对弱势群体利益的关注具有阶级和历史局限性，无法解决自由主义内部自由与平等的悖论。

Rawls'Difference Principle and Its Attention to Interests of Disadvantaged Groups

Difference principle is the core value criterion of John Rawls＇ theory of distributive justice. As a principle of distributive justice, difference principle is the theoretic expression to the capitalism welfare-state, which implies the moral ideal of maximum economic equality and the ethical caring for the disadvantaged groups. Difference principle provides proof of moral justification and political legitimacy for the modern social assistance system. Of course, difference principle has class and history limitation in caring for the disadvantaged groups because it can not resolve the paradox of liberty and equality of liberalism.