遗失物拾得人权利与义务失衡的反思——兼评《物权法草案》全民征求意见稿

对大陆法系和英美法系各国关于遗失物拾得制度的比较和对我国遗失物拾得制度的历史考察表明,古今中外关于遗失物拾得制度的规定,既保护遗失人的利益,也重视对拾得人权利的维护;不仅规定了拾得人的必要费用的请求权,也规定了拾得人的报酬请求权和附条件地取得遗失物所有权的权利。因此,建议我国物权法应顺应时代潮流,转变观念,在为拾得人设定义务的同时,也应赋予其一定的权利,弘扬拾金不昧的传统美德,以体现法律的平等、正义价值和精神。

On unbalancing of rights and obligations of the lost property finders——an review on The Draft of Real Law

Based on the comparison of the lost property finding system of some countries and a historical study on the lost property finding systems of our country,the author thinks the rules of lost property finding system at all times and in all countries both protect the interests of the persons who lost property and value the rights of the finders.The rules not only set the rights of necessary costs claim of the finders,but also set the right of reward claim and getting the ownership of lost property conditionally of the finders.So the author suggests our real law should set the obligations for the finders and endow them with some rights to develop and expand the traditional virtue of returning things found to reflect equality and justice of law.