长株潭城市群生态用地时空变化特征研究

选取长株潭城市群1995—2018年共6个时间点的土地利用现状数据，采用土地动态度、空间演变等方法分析其生态用地时空变化特征。研究区域生态用地界定为具有生态服务功能、能够有效调节生态平衡、维持生物多样性的林地、草地和水域。研究区域从时间上看，生态用地数量呈下降趋势；结构占比中林地最大、水域居中、草地最小；林地、草地的生态用地动态度为负值，水域的动态值不稳定。研究区域从空间上看，斑块数量、斑块密度、景观破碎度均呈上升趋势，平均斑块面积呈下降趋势；生态空间不断缩小，生态用地呈破碎化、分离化趋势；重心以东南部和东北角为主，重心集聚性减弱。基于此，建议一体化推动生态环境共保共治，完善生态用地法律制度，加大生态修护及保护力度，以促进长株潭城市群绿色健康持续发展。

Research on Temporal and Spatial Change Characteristics of Ecological Land in Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan Urban Agglomeration

Land use status data of Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan (hereinafter referred to as CZT) urban agglomeration from 1995 to 2018 were selected to analyze the spatial-temporal change characteristics of ecological land in CZT urban agglomeration by observing land dynamics and spatial evolution. Woodlands, grasslands and water area are defined as ecological land in the study area with ecological service functions of effectively regulating ecological balance and maintaining biodiversity. From the time perspective, the number of ecological land shows a downward trend. The structure proportion of forest land was the largest, water area was the middle, and grassland was the least. The dynamic value of ecological land use is negative for woodlands and grasslands, while the dynamic value of water area is unstable. From the spatial perspective, the number of patches, patch density and landscape fragmentation in the study area shows an upward trend, while the average patch area shows a downward trend. The ecological space is shrinking, and the ecological land tends to be fragmented and separated. The focus is mainly in the southeast part and northeast corner, and its agglomeration is weakened. Based on this, we suggest promoting the integration of ecological environment protection and governance, improving the legal system of ecological land, and strengthening ecological repair and protection, so as to promote the green and healthy sustainable development in CZT urban agglomeration.