论胡适自由民主思想中的“文化边际人”特征

作为近现代中国自由主义公共知识分子的代表,胡适对自由的张扬却体现了"文化边际人"情结,即他在超越传统时又没有远离传统文化的土壤。他在西方自由主义与传统文化的对接中塑造健全个人主义的魅力;诠释无为而治的现代意义;其批政、议政的做法体现着传统强烈的人文批判意识;而其容忍的原则则在质的追求中又晨露出士大夫懦弱的心迹。然而忽视对中国社会政治格局的科学把握最终酿成了胡适的自由主义之累。

On the Character of "Culture-Margin Person" in Hu shih's Ideas of Liberty and Democracy

Hu Shih's publicizing to liberalism embodied the character of "culture-margin person". In the contrasting between western liberalism and tradition, he portrayed the perfect individualist, annotated the modern significance of "governance by doing nothing that goes against nature". His practice of criticizing political affairs embodied traditional consciousness of critical humanism, and his principle of tolerance revealed the weak in character of literati and officialdom. However, neglecting grasping scientifically the political structure of society in Chinese, his liberalism finally suffered defeat.