《史记》早期文献中的一个根本问题--《太史公书》"藏之名山,副在京师"考

司马迁<太史公书>"藏之名山,副在京师"两种本子及其在西汉藏、传情况,是该书早期文献中的一个根本问题,它与<史记>文献诸多方面的研究密切相关.客观地说,"藏之名山"本当为正本,实藏于国家书府太史公府;"副在京师"本当为副本,传于司马迁外孙杨恽.正、副两本皆作者生前录写,俱为百三十篇完帙,是具有同等文献价值的原始文本.<太史公书>正本密藏不宣,副本在宣帝时由杨恽宣布.西汉民间流传的<太史公书>若干篇卷,乃出自副本系纯.两汉末年世乱,京师典籍迭遭浩劫,由于<太史公书>有藏、传两种本子存行于世,该书虽有少数篇缺佚或局部文字错乱,但其文本总体上仍保持稳定.

"Records of the Historian" an Essential Problem in the Early Documents--A Study of "Tai Shi Gong Shu" Collected in a Famous Mountain and Its Copy in the Capital

Sima Qian's "Tai Shi Gong Shu"collected in a famous mountain and its copy in the capital are an essential problem in the early documents.It is related to the research of the "Records of the Historian".Objectively speaking,the one collected in the famous mountain was then collected in the national library;the copy collected in the capital was inherited among Sima Qian's descendants.The original and the duplicate were written by Sima Qian when he was alive,bearing the same value of original documents.The original "Tai Shi Gong Shu"was secretly collected and its duplicate was publicized by Yang Hui in the reign of Xuan Di.The copy of "Tai Shi Gong Shu"among the people in the Western Han Dynasty came from the duplicate.In the warring years of the Eastern and Western Dynasties,the ancient books in the capital were ruined.Because there are two copies of "Tai Shi Gong Shu" in the world,the book is basically complete.