古代西北屯田开发述论

中国古代西北开发主要是农业开发 ,而农业开发的主要方式是屯田开发。本文就古代西北屯田开发思想、屯田开发特点作简要论述。屯田开发促进了西北地区农业经济的发展 ,巩固了西北边防 ,也推动了西北与中原的经济、文化交流与民族融合 ,同时也造成西北生态环境一定程度的恶化。到古代晚期 ,这种主要靠投入劳动力和扩大土地开垦面积的农业开发方式已显简单、落后。

A Review of Northwest China Tuntian Development in Ancient Times

The development of northwest China in ancient times was mostly agriculture development, and the main way of agriculture development was chiefly Tuntian development ( have garrison troops or peasants open up wasteland and grow food grain ). In this paper, the thoughts and characteristics of Tuntian development in ancient northwest China were briefly discussed. Furthermore some advantages (accelerating the northwest area agriculture development, consolidating the northwest frontier defense, promoting the economy culture intercommunion and the great unity of all the ethnic groups between northwest and central and plains) and disadvantages (causing natural environment worse in a certain extent) of Tuntian development were also discussed. Up to the late ancient times, agriculture development pattern by pouring labor into farmland and enlarging the area under cultivation had already appeared simple and behind the time.