西部民族地区就业结构的调整及存在问题探析

西部民族地区经过长期的产业结构调整，劳动力就业结构与过去相比在向合理化转换。第一次就业比重明显下降，有些省区第二产业就业比重有一定的上升，第三产业就业比重明显上升。但总体来看，就业结构仍然比较落后，第一产业就业比重还很高，农村剩余劳动力转移比较困难；第二产业就业比重上升缓慢甚至有所下降；第三产业就业比重和劳动生产率也还比较低。落后的就业结构直接影响到城乡居民收入的提高和消费支出的增加，进而影响国家扩大内需政策实施的有效性。

An Elaboration of Adjustment of Employment Structure in Western Ethnic Region and its Possible Problems

Employment structure of labor forces is an important criterion to know whether the industrial structure in a country or an area is the best. After a long-term adjustment of industrial structure, employment structure of labor forces tends to be more reasonable compared with its past in western ethnic region. The proportion of employment in primary industry saw a big drop, while the proportion of employment of secondary industry in some provinces were on a rise and the employment proportion of tertiary industry witnessed a big increase. But as a whole, employment structure still lags behind. The proportion of employment in primary industry is still very high, and it is hard to transfer remaining agricultural labor forces. The proportion of employment in the secondary industry climbs slowly or even falls. The proportion of employment in the tertiary industry and productivity are still very low. The backward employment structure will directly influence the increase of income and expenditure of urban and rural people, and therefore influence the effectiveness of national policy of expanding domestic demand.