道德可教——论孟荀人性论的异同及当代启示

道德是否可教,一直被理论界所争论不休。孟子从先验性善出发演绎了自身的心性学说,对个体道德的先验基础做了说明,为道德可教提供了内在的心性根据;荀子则认为人之性恶,强调后天环境与教育的影响,体现了对外在道德规范的重视,为道德的具体实践方式提供了外在根据。借鉴孟荀人性论对于个体内心与外在规范的倡导,可以促进对当前社会转型期多元价值观环境中人性沉沦、道德教育及道德建设问题展开深入思考。

Morality Could Be Taught——On the Similarities and Differences on Human Nature between Mencius and Xun Zi and Their Contemporary Enlightenment

The theoretical circle has been debating whether morality could be taught or not. Starting from the goodness apriority, Mencius deduced his own temperament theory, elaborated the transcendental foundation of individual morality, and provided the inner basis of temperament for whether morality could be taught or not whereas Xun Zi thought human nature was evil,emphasized the influence of acquired environment and education, embodied attention to the external moral norms ,and provided the concrete ways of practicing morality with external basis. Drawing lessons from Mencius＇and Xun Zi＇s theory of human nature on advocating individual inner and outer norms can promote the deep thinking about such moral problems as human degeneration, moral education and construction in the context of multi-value during the current period of social transition.