儒家生态智慧与西方生态伦理比较

儒家＂人贵于物＂的生态思想是人类中心主义的,但它与西方人类中心主义有着本质的区别。西方人类中心主义从＂功利＂出发,遵循的是＂天人对立＂的二元论哲学思想。而儒家从＂道义＂出发,遵循着＂天人合一＂的一元论哲学思想,将人类的道德扩展到自然界。在道义这一点,西方非人类中心主义与儒家的生态智慧是一致的。但两者在人在自然界的地位方面存在着分歧。西方非人类中心主义过分强调万物与人的平等地位,主张爱的平等性,而儒家则认为＂人贵于物＂,主张爱有等差。与西方生态伦理相比,儒家生态智慧更适合实际需要,有助于人类的可持续发展。

A Comparison of Confucian Ecological Wisdom and Western Ecological Ethics

The tenet of Confucian ecological thoughts is human-centered,which,however,differs from the western anthropocentrism in nature.The former,starting from the moral principle,follows the monist philosophy which advocates harmony of nature and humanity,while the latter,based on utilitarianism,keeps to dualist ideas that advocate opposition between nature and human.In this regard,the western non-anthropocentrism is consistent with the Confucian ecological wisdom in that it claims that the moral principle should be extended to nature,but they are still in dispute on human＇s position in nature.The western non-anthropocentrism puts too much emphasis on equal status between all things on earth and the human being,asserting equality of love,but Confucianism insists on the idea of man being nobler than animals and equity of love.Compared with western ecological ethics,the Confucian ecological wisdom is more suitable for actual need and more helpful to the sustainable development of human beings.