以有效市场和有为政府的结合激发“十四五”时期各类市场主体活力

鉴于处理好政府与市场的关系,是中国经济体制改革的核心问题,对有效市场和有为政府激发各类市场主体活力的理论逻辑进行分析。研究认为,在“十四五”时期,中国各类市场主体活力激发所面临的约束,包括国有企业的“委托代理困境”与“低效率”约束、民营企业的“竞争中性缺失”与“市场歧视”约束以及小微企业与个体工商户的“低风险抵抗能力”和“金融支持不足”约束; 要解决这些约束,需要将有效市场与有为政府相结合,完善中国特色现代企业制度,深化新时代国有企业改革; 落实竞争中性和所有制中性原则,优化民营经济发展环境; 完善小微企业和个体工商户的法律保障,健全金融支持体系; 利用市场与政府的互补协同,推动各类市场主体实现创新发展。

Energizing various market entities in the 14th Five-Year Plan period by combining efficient markets and competent government

The core issue in China’s economic system reform is to properly handle the relationship between the government and the market. This paper analyzes the theoretical logic behind energizing various market entities by combining efficient markets and competent government. This research believes that, during the period of the 14th Five-Year Plan, China faces many constraints in energizing various market entities, including the "agency by mandate" dilemma and "low efficiency" constraints for state-owned enterprises, the "lack of competitive neutrality" and "market discrimination" constraints for private enterprises, as well as the "low risk resistance ability" and "insufficient financial support" constraints for small and micro businesses and privately or individually-owned businesses. To address these constraints, we need to combine efficient markets with competent government, improve the modern enterprise system with Chinese characteristics, and deepen the reform of state-owned enterprises in the new era; implement the principle of competitive neutrality and ownership neutrality, optimize the environment for the development of the private economy; improve the legal protection for small and micro businesses and privately or individually-owned businesses, and improve the financial support system; make use of the complementarity and coordination between the market and the government to boost the innovative development of various market entities.