人口与资源可持续发展

自然界和人类社会的一切有价值的物质都是资源 ,人类一切发展都是自然资源的物质变换。资源观包括物质观、辩证观、经济观和稀缺论等 ;人口观包括人力资源论、适度人口论、人口爆炸论等。人口增长对土地、淡水、森林和矿产等自然资源压力巨大 ,不仅来自人口绝对数量的增加 ,而且来自每个人资源消耗增长 ,在人均资源减少过程中显示出很强的加权效应。按照新思路探讨可持续发展 ,人口与经济可持续发展是基础 ,人口与社会可持续发展是目的 ,人口与环境可持续发展是前提 ,人口与资源可持续发展是全部可持续发展的条件和终极因素。实现人口与资源可持续发展 ,除了提高人口素质、资源定价及建立价值体系外 ,更重要的是应从以占有和配置自然资源为主的资源经济、工业经济转向以占有和配置智力资源为主的知识经济和信息经济

Sustainable Development of Population and Resource

All the valuable materials in the nature and human society are resources.All the developments of human are the shifts of natural resources.The concepts of resources contain subsistance concept,dialectical concept,economic concept and scarcity concept,etc.The concepts of population include human resource concept,moderate population concept,population explosion concept,etc.The increase of population qives pressure on natural resources such as land,fresh water,forestry and minerals in that absolute number of population is increasing and that the consumption of resource per capital is increasing with the effect of weighed average in the course of resource decrease per capital.According to the new concept in disscussing sustainable development,sustainable development of population and economy are the base,sustainable development of population and society are the goal,sustainable development of population and environment are the precondition and sustainable development of population and resource are the whole precondition and ultimate factor.In order to realize sustainable development of population and resource,the quality of population should be promoted and the resource should be fixed prices and a value system should be set up,and what is more important is the shift from resource ceconomy and industrial economy which are mainly based on possessing and disposing natural resources to economy of knowledge and information economy mainly based on possessing and disposing intelletual resources.