湖北自贸试验区的制度创新:实践特征、理论内涵与政策启示

建设湖北自贸试验区是新发展阶段全面深化改革、扩大开放的系统性探索和战略实践,从动态演进论与制度变迁、制度经济学的交易成本论以及公共经济学的公共物品供需视角,对自贸试验区制度创新的理论逻辑与实践意义予以系统研究。研究发现,湖北自贸试验区围绕加快转变政府职能、深化投资领域改革、促进贸易转型升级、推动金融开放创新、创新驱动发展以及服务国家战略等方面展开了一系列制度创新实践,逐步形成由浅入深、由线下向线上线下协同发展、由共性领域向特色领域逐步延伸、从前项到末端统筹安排、借鉴与创新并举以及集中推广与自主运用相结合的改革创新发展路径。研究认为,推动湖北自贸试验区的制度创新,充分发挥其在破解地方深层次结构性发展矛盾和扩展增长赋能空间上的功能内涵,需要在顶层制度设计方面,加强与国内国际双循环新发展格局相互衔接,通过完善监管体系设计、提升行政服务效率来转变政府监管职能和健全市场监管,构建由法律法规、行政规章、规范性文件共同组成的、与国际规范兼容协调的法制框架和政策体系,统筹为国家试制度、出经验的全局性战略目标与谋求为地区经济发展注活力、添动力的局部性现实需求之间的激励导向; 在具体实施路径层面,持续优化开放平台、营商环境和加强口岸智慧功能建设,着力培育和强化大城市、大枢纽、大口岸、大平台、大产业以及一流的营商环境等,构建开放型经济新体制和多维量化评估指标体系,实现自贸试验区制度创新实践探索、经验成效审视验证、赋能社会经济发展以及长远建设规划目标的有机协调统一,助力湖北建设新时代内陆开放新高地。

Institutional innovation in Hubei Pilot Free Trade Zone: practical features,theoretical connotations and policy enlightenment

The construction of the Hubei Pilot Free Trade Zone is a systematic exploration and strategic practice to comprehensively deepen reforms and expand opening-up in the new stage of development. From the perspectives of dynamic evolution theory and institutional change, transaction cost theory of institutional economics, and public goods supply and demand in public economics, this paper systematically studies the theoretical logic and practical significance of institutional innovation in the pilot free trade zone. The study finds that the Hubei Pilot Free Trade Zone has carried out a series of institutional innovation practices in terms of accelerating the transformation of government functions, deepening reforms in the investment field, promoting trade transformation and upgrading, boosting financial opening-up and innovation, innovation-driven development, and serving the national strategy. The effort has gradually formed a progressive reform and innovation development path extending from offline to online and offline coordinated development, from common areas to characteristic areas, from the preceding items to the end of the overall arrangement, and the simultaneous development of reference from other examples and innovation as well as integration of generalized promotion and independent application. The study believes that in order to promote the institutional innovation of the Hubei Pilot Free Trade Zone, and to give full play to its functional connotations in solving the deep-level structural development contradictions of the local area and expanding the growth enabling space, it is necessary to strengthen the design of the top-level system and strengthen the interfacing with the domestic and international dual circulation new development pattern, to transform government supervision functions and improve market supervision by improving the design of the supervision system and improving the efficiency of administrative services, to build a legal framework and policy system that is compatible with international norms and is composed of laws and regulations, government regulations, and regulatory documents, and to coordinate the incentive orientation between the overall strategic goal that tests the national system and yields experience as well as local real needs seeking to inject vitality and impetus to regional economic development; at the level of specific implementation paths, it is necessary to continue to optimize the opening-up platform and business environment, strengthen the construction of port smart functions, focus on cultivating and strengthening large-scale cities, large-scale hubs, large-scale ports, large-scale platforms, large-scale industries, and first-class business environment, etc., to build a new open economy system and a multi-dimensional quantitative evaluation index system, to achieve the organic coordination and unity among the pilot free trade zone institutional innovation and practice exploration, experience and effectiveness review and verification, empowered social and economic development, and long-term construction planning goals, thus facilitating Hubei in building a new highland of inland opening-up in the new era.