罪感的起源与生命的解放——尼采对希腊悲剧精神与基督教原罪意识的比较剖析

原罪是基督教的观念，是人在基督教的上帝面前的精神处境。尼采以谱系学的方法追踪负罪、惩罚、良心谴责等与基督教原罪意识相关的伦理观念和宗教观念，指出这些观念源于怨恨者的心态，是虚弱生命的表达。而与基督教的“原罪”观念不同，冒犯是希腊人在诸神面前的精神处境，彰显的是人的强健与高贵，希腊人的悲剧艺术正是这种精神姿态的显现。通过这种比照，尼采意图回归古典，恢复生命本身的神性。

Origin of Guilt and Liberation of Life: Nietzsche's Comparison Between the Spirit of Greek Tragedy and Christian Conception of Original Sin

Original sin, which reveals the spiritual situation of human in the face of God, is the Christian conception. Genealogically, Nietzsche traces those ethic and religious conceptions related to Christian consciousness of original sin, such as feeling guilty, punishment and pricks of conscience ; he points out that those conceptions originate from the feeling of resentment, which is an expression of the weakness of life. Contrary to Christian conception of original sin, offence is the spiritual situation of Greeks in the face of their deities, which displays the vigorousness and nobility of human. Greek tragedy reveals this spiritual bearing of Greeks. In comparing Christian and Greek conceptions, Nietzsche intends to return to antiquity and refresh divinity of life.