环境规制、政府行为与产业结构升级

传统的政府权衡思路发生转变，环境保护的重要性并不必然劣于对经济增长的追求，聚焦环境规制与产业结构升级的关系，有助于监管当局把握环境政策的经济端反馈效果。采用2004—2015年中国省际面板数据，考虑经济区域异质性和政府行为，细致分析环境规制对产业结构升级的影响，并进一步探讨具体的作用机制。研究发现:环境规制对产业结构升级的影响具有区域特征，东部地区形成了正向促进作用，中部地区为反向抑制作用，西部地区没有影响；地方政府官员晋升压力越大、财政收支压力越小、相对财力越大，环境规制倒逼产业结构升级的效力越大；传导机制方面，佐证了研发创新和对外开放对环境规制优化产业结构的正向传导效应，而FDI流入和投资需求反而具有逆向功效。因此，必须注重政府行为的协调效应，有效把握区域特征，提倡创新和深化改革开放，构建合理的环境规制政策，以实现产业结构优化升级。

Environmental Regulation, Government Behavior and Industrial Structure Upgrading

Nowadays, traditional government trade-offs have been transferred. The importance of environmental protection is not necessarily inferior to the pursuit of economic growth. Focusing on the relationship between environmental regulation and industrial structure upgrading would help supervisory authorities grasp the economic-side feedback effect of environmental policies. Therefore, this paper used China's provincial panel data from 2004 to 2015, analyzed the impact of environmental regulation on industrial structure upgrading with the consideration of regional economic heterogeneity and government behavior, and further discussed the specific mechanism of action. This paper finds that the impact of environmental regulation on the upgrading of industrial structure has regional characteristics, the eastern region has formed a positive promotion effect, the central region has a reverse inhibition effect, and the western region has no impact. The higher pressure of government officials' assessment is, the smaller pressure on fiscal revenue and expenditure and the better relative financial resources can drive the upgrading of industrial structure. In terms of the transmission mechanism, it demonstrates R&D innovation and opening up have a positive conduction effect on “environmental regulation-industrial structure upgrading”, while FDI inflow and investment demand have reverse conduction effects. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the coordination effect of government actions, effectively grasp the functional mechanism of environmental regulation, advocate innovation, deepen reform and opening up, and construct a reasonable environmental regulation policy to optimize and upgrade the industrial structure.