农户融资绩效区域差异分析——基于1995—2009年面板数据的实证研究

基于1995—2009年东、中、西部的面板数据,对农户从正规金融和非正规金融两种渠道融资对农户收入的影响进行理论和实证分析。结果表明:农户从两种渠道获得借贷均能提高农户收入,但存在明显的区域差异。正规金融的借贷在西部地区作用最为显著,贡献率为0.80,分别高出东、中部地区0.21和0.41;非正规金融借贷对中部地区农户增收作用显著,贡献率为1.47,但在东、西部作用不显著。可以判定,农户借贷差异是导致农户收入区域差异的主要原因之一,而农户产生借贷区域差异主要与当地经济发展水平、国家差别化的区域政策和区域种植结构差异有关。要提高农户融资绩效,减少借贷差异,进一步缩小农户收入的区域差异,应该加快农村金融改革,提高农村金融覆盖面,对非正规金融适当解禁,引导农村正规和非正规金融适度合作,加大正规金融对中部地区支持。

Study on Regional Differences of Farmer Credit Performance －Based on Panel Data of 1995-2009

Based on the panel data of 1995—2009,the paper analyzes the influences of credits from formal financial and informal channels on farmer income.Results show that: money from both financial and informal channels could improve farmer income,but regional variations were obvious.In the western region,the formal financial contribution of 0.80 was most significant,respectively higher than eastern region’s 0.21 and middle region’s 0.41.Informal lending in the eastern and western was not significant;the contribution of informal lending in the central area was very significant.Therefore,the farmer income regional differences are caused by the farmer credit differences,which are mainly related with the regional policy and regional planting structure difference.In order to narrow down farmer income and lending regional differences,the paper puts forward the corresponding countermeasures of moderately guiding cooperation between rural formal and non-formal finance,improving the rural financial coverage,increasing formal financial support in central region as well as guaranteeing food security.