论婚姻理论歧义性之由来

婚姻是人类学/民族学关于亲属关系研究领域的一个核心主题和重要分支。不同的理论定义对婚姻所涵盖的不同内容的追逐与强调，使人们对婚姻本质的理解和理论阐述充满了歧义性。其根源在于人类的婚姻事实多样化存在，试图以自己所属文化的婚姻为参照中心去定义它，势必把共时空间分布的不同婚姻现象,统一于历时的序列中,颠倒了时空的坐标系，这在逻辑上难以成立。于是，把婚姻功能和社会后果引入对婚姻本质的理论界定，从而又陷入婚姻的普遍性与相对性的论说中。如果没有对婚姻本质的解答，只能是在旧有理论平台或框架内变换形式而已。因此，婚姻理论的关键性问题在于，只有通过对婚姻本质的解答，超越旧有的理论平台，才能梳理婚姻理论的建构与遮蔽问题，进而廓清婚姻理论中的普遍性与相对性的问题。

On the Origin of Misinterpretation to Marriage Theory

Marriage is an essential issue and a branch in anthropology and ethnology.Different theoretical definitions to marriage lead to misinterpretations of the nature of marriage.The reason lies in the multiple marriage forms;people try to give a definition to marriage according to their marriage culture,thus causing logical difficulty.A definition of the nature of marriage in the perspectives of marriage function and social consequence will lead to the universality and relativity.The key to interpret marriage theory is to interpret the nature of marriage;only in this way can we surpass the old theory platform and distinguish the universality and relativity in marriage theory.