“恐同症”的根源——基于宗教、现代性和文化的阐释

西方社会的宗教是产生恐同症的重要原因，然而在宗教话语和道德实践中同性恋行为与非生殖的异性恋行为共同遭受惩戒。促成同性恋身份的现代性条件本身孕育着恐同症，同性恋特质与工业社会的科层制组织形式以及资本主义的竞争性人格和商业精神格格不入。在“文化失范”和“道德恐慌”的压力下，社会倾向于将性越轨视为社会失序的象征，同性恋群体成为“社会病态”的替罪羊。在文化阐释的范式看来，恐同症是“性别主义的武器”，同性恋对居于支配地位的性别意识形态构成了威胁，攻击同性恋者有助于强化既存的性别阶级结构，因而恐同症成为对性别越轨行为的社会控制形式。

The Roots of Homophobia: from Perspectives of Religion, Modernity and Culture

Usually western religion was considered as the primary reason of homophobia,but actually homosexual activities were disciplined as non-reproductive heterosexual behavior in the religious discourse and moral practices.Modernity contributes to the gay identity while generating anti-homosexual condition,bureaucracy in modern organization and capitalist personality and spirits were contradicted with gayness.Under the pressure of cultural anomie and moral panic,the society would treat sexual deviance as symbol of social disorganization,then gay minority become the scapegoat of social illness.In the perspective of cultural interpretation,homophobia was regarded as weapons of sexism,and gay minority threats the dominated gender ideology,assaulting gay would help to strength the existing gender structure.And homophobia was believed as the social control of gender deviance.