“致良知”“破我执”和唯意志论——梁启超和章太炎伦理思想比较之三

:梁启超将“性善论”与阳明“心学”结合 ,提出了“致良知”的道德修养论。他对王阳明“知行合一”的观点进行了新的解释。章太炎则将“性恶论”、进化论和佛教法相唯识宗的有关理论揉合成具有浓厚宗教色彩的道德修养论。他把道德修养视为“破我执” ,并提出了“依自不依他”的道德原则。两者的道德修养论都具有“唯意志论”的倾向 ,而章太炎则表现得更加明显

“Innate Knowledge”,“Destroying Self-Concept” and Voluntarism

By integrating the “theory of innate goodness” with Master Yangming′s “theory of mind”,Liang Qichao advanced his own “innate knowledge” as the theory of moral cultivation.He gave a new explanation to Wang Shouren′s theory of “agreement between knowledge and action.” On the other hand,Zhang Taiyan integrated the “theory of innate evil”,the theory of evolution and the theory of Buddhist Vijnaptimatrata School into his own theory of moral cultivation with a strong religious colour .He held that moral cultivation means to “destroy self-concept” and advanced the moral principle of “obeying autonomy instead of heteronomy”.Both Liang′s and Zhang′s theories are voluntaristic but the latter appears to be the more obvious.