“十三五”时期新一轮国有经济战略性调整研究

“十三五”时期，为了适应经济增速趋缓、结构趋优、动力转换的经济新常态，必须推进新一轮国有经济布局的战略性调整。当前国有经济存在总量大，但功能定位模糊、过于集中于重化工业、地方国企扩张较快、创新方向和效率还不能满足创新型国家的要求，面临国际"竞争性中立"的严峻挑战、自然垄断性行业有效竞争不够和竞争性行业产业集中度不高等问题。“十三五”时期的新常态下国有经济布局结构战略性调整的目标，应该重"质"轻"量"，不再纠结于国有经济占整个国民经济的具体比例高低的"数量目标"，而应更加看重优化国有经济布局、促进国有经济更好地实现其功能定位和使命要求的"质量目标"。具体需要基于功能定位分类推进国有经济战略性调整、基于国家战略性标准和公共服务性标准选择调整国有经济的产业布局、基于全面深化改革和优化市场结构双重目标来协同推进国有企业兼并重组。

Strategic Readjustment of State-owned Economy in the Thirteenth Five-year Plan

In the 13 th Five-Year Plan,it is of necessity to push forward the strategic adjustment of the layout of state-owned economy in order to accommodate the new economic normalcy of slowing eco-nomic growth,structural optimization and the transformation of driving force.The current state-owned economy is large in amount but dispersed in functional orientation and over-concentrated on heavy industry.Besides,the local state-owned enterprises are expanding their business quickly and fa-cing problems such as international competitive neutrality and insufficient effective competition in mo-nopolistic industries,and low degree of industrial concentration in competitive industries;their direc-tion of innovation and efficiency cannot meet the requirement of constructing innovative country.It is proposed in this paper that the state-owned economy in the new economic normalcy should be readjus-ted strategically.Specifically,priority should be given to the"quality"rather than"quantity"of the e-conomy,shifting the emphasis from the share the state-owned economy takes in the national economy to the optimization of the layout of the state-owned economy,in order to realize the functional orienta-tion and quality objective of the state-owned economy.Three measures must be taken to achieve this purpose,namely,strategically adjusting the state-owned economy according the functional orienta-tion,adjusting the layout of the state-owned economy according to the requirements of national strate-gy and public service,furthering the merger and restructuring of the state-owned enterprises accord-ing to the objectives of comprehensively deepening reform and optimizing the market structure.