中国集体林权制度变迁及其内在经济动因分析

随着我国宏观经济改革的不断深化，推进集体林权配套改革成为社会对集体林权改革的共识。因此，加强对集体林权制度改革变迁的研究，对于明确集体林权配套改革方向、深化社会宏观经济改革具有重要意义。根据不同历史时期集体林权制度对于产权主体的不同界定，将集体林权制度变迁的历程划分为4个阶段，并运用经济学的生产与消费、博弈论、制度经济学等理论对4个阶段的经济动因做了系统分析。结果表明：历次集体林权制度变迁的方向是与国家当时经济社会环境紧密相关的，历次集体林权制度变迁实质均是国家基于宏观经济最优化目标下的制度安排，与在此安排下农民作出的微观理性选择的结合，集体林权制度改革的成功实施均是宏观制度安排与微观理性选择相一致的结果。

An Analysis on China’ s Institutional Change of Collective Forest Tenure System and Its Economic Motivation

With the deepening of China’s macroeconomic reforms, promoting the coordinated reform of collective forest tenure system ( CFTS ) has become society’s consensus on the reform of collective forestry. Therefore the analysis on the institutional change of CFTS is significant for clarifying the direction for coordinated reform of CFTS and deepening the macroeconomic reform in whole society. In this paper, the process of institutional change of CFTS was divided into four periods based on the property characteristics. And the economic motivation in four periods was systematically analyzed by economic methods. Results are:first, the direction of each previous change is closely related to China’s temporal economy and social environment;secondly, the essence of each previous change is the combination of the nation’s institutional arrangement based on macroeconomic optimization and farmers’ micro-rational choices under such arrangement; thirdly, successful implementation of institutional change results from the agreement between macroscopic institutional arrangement and microcosmic rational choices.