清代至民国时期黑龙江三江平原森林变迁研究

黑龙江三江平原森林的变迁肇始于清末至民国时期。本文通过全面收集历史文献、地方文献，并结合实地踏勘，较全面地复原了黑龙江三江平原在清初及清中叶时期的森林环境，继而探讨了清末及民国时期此地森林演变的过程和原因——农业生产和日常生活所需、修筑中东铁路、作为船舶燃料以及挖参和采金。文章最后揭示了该地森林演变的空间特征，即由清初、清中叶的点式影响变为清末民初时期的沿边、沿江、沿路（铁路）、沿村、沿屯的破坏，但交通不便的深山区和平原腹地森林仍然保持着原始的状态。

Transforming of Forest Resources from Qing Dynasty to the Republic of China in the Sanjiang Plain,Heilongjiang Province

The transforming of forest resources in the Sanjiang Plain began around from the period of late Qing Dynasty to the Republic of China. Using historical documents, literature and reports, also with field work, the paper first presents the restored forest records of Sanjiang Plain during the initial and middle periods of Qing Dynasty, then discusses the process and driving forces for forest changes, including agriculture and daily life,the Chinese Eastern Railway building, boat fuel development, and ginseng harvesting and gold mining. And lastly,the spatial characteristics of forest transforming are discussed. Forest changes occurred first locally in early and middle Qing Dynasty and then expanded along the rivers, railroads and villages during the period of late Qing Dynasty to early Republic of China.