国外天然林保护概况及我国天然林保护的进展与对策

天然林是森林资源的主体。随着森林资源，尤其是天然林的持续锐减，许多国家通过实施保护工程、培育人工林、发展近自然林业、建立公园或自然保护区、实行禁伐或限伐措施等途径，加强了对天然林生态系统的保护。我国为恢复和发展天然林资源，于1998年实施了长江上游、黄河上中游和东北、内蒙古等重点国有林区天然林资源保护工程，将69％的天然林划入工程保护范围。此外，通过开展森林生态效益补偿、建立森林公园和自然保护区等措施，保护具有特定意义和作用的天然林。该文综述了国内外天然林的保护状况，并针对我国天然林保护工作的现状，提出进一步加强天然林保护的对策。

Natural Forest Protection:an Overview Abroad and a Review at Home

This paper summarizes the status quo of natural forest protection at home and abroad.Natural forest is the main part of forest resources.With the sharp shrinkage of forest resources,especially the natural forest,many countries have strengthened the conservation of their natural forest ecosystems by implementing conservation programs relevant to intensively managed plantation forest,close-to-nature forestry,forest parks or nature reserves,and logging bans or logging restrictions.To rebuild the natural forest resources,China launched the National Natural Forest Protection Project in the key state-owned forest areas in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River,the upper and middle reaches of the Yellow River,northeastern China and Inner Mongolia in 1998,which put 69% of China's natural forest acreage under protection.Meanwhile,other measures such as forest ecological benefit compensation,forest park and nature reserve development have been adopted to protect natural forest with special values or roles.By analyzing the current situation of natural forest protection at home,the paper puts forward some countermeasures to reinforce the natural forest protection in Cina.