生计资本对流动人口二孩生育意愿的影响分析--“单独二孩”政策向“全面二孩”政策转型视角

生育政策从“单独二孩”向“全面二孩”转型，顺应了抑制人口老龄化和促进经济发展的客观要求。根据2014年全国流动人口监测数据和2016年流动人口的深度访谈资料，分析了生育政策转型背景下，流动人口的生计资本对其二孩生育意愿的影响。结果发现，无论在“单独二孩”政策还是“全面二孩”政策下，金融资本和人力资本存量有助于促进二孩生育意愿；在物质资本方面，拥有住房反而弱化二孩生育意愿。因此，除了对生育政策进行调整之外，提升流动人口的生计能力，降低住房压力，是改善流动人口生育意愿的有效途径。

Effects of Capital on Migrant People ’s Willingness to Give Birth to Second Child:Single Permitted Two-child Policy to Universal Two-child Policy

This paper analyzes the effects of migrant livelihood capital on having a second child. The results indicate that, whether in single permitted or universal two-child policy, financial and human capital helps in making a decision. In terms of physical capital, however, owning a house weakens willingness to birth a second kid. Therefore, in addition to policy adjustment, improving the livelihoods of migrants, and reducing the pressures of house-owning are effective ways to promote a willingness to give birth.