政府主导下的迂回式农业发展:中国经验

中国在政府主导的赶超战略下农业发展历程可以总结为"迂回式"发展模式,迂回模式是指落后国家通过优先发展工业再迂回发展农业的思想.工业化及其在空间上的城市化进程从供求两个方面塑造农业发展的市场、技术和组织基础.工业化和城市化为农业发展提供了巨大的市场需求,市场规模则促使农业组织化和专业化经营,工业化同时还为农业提供大量生产的技术基础.然而,迂回式发展的后阶段仍需政府政策打破城市和工业偏向的传统,转而偏向农村和农业,提供市场增进型政策,最终实现城乡和工农之间的政策均等化.

The Round-about Pattern of Agricultural Development Dominated by the Government: An Empirical Study from China

This paper concludes China's agricultural development on the background of "catch-up" strategy dominated by the government to be round-about development pattern.Round-about pattern terms specially to the thoughts that developing countries develop agriculture by developing industry in advance.Industrialization and its spatial form of urbanization,shape agricultural market,technology and organization in both supply and demand.Industrialization and urbanization provide agricultural development with huge market demand which then leads to organizational and professional operation in agriculture;Industrialization also supply technology for agricultural mass production.However,in the late stage of round-about development,it is necessary for the government policy to turn to rural and agricultural bias policy in the form of enhance market basis and to reach equal policies between urban and rural(industry and agriculture).