农民工分层:中国城市化思考

中国农民工是当代社会变迁的必然结果,农民工的社会分层是中国城市化进程的必然趋势,也是中国现代化过程中所产生的一种独特现象,更是中国特殊的社会背景的产物。中国农民的市民化,首先是要解决农民工的市民化问题。但人数过亿的农民工又不可能同步市民化,或者同时融入城市,它必须经历一个渐进地、分期分批地进入过程。为此,文章运用代理论与社会分层理论来分析农民工分层,通过调查研究和实证分析,将进城的农民工大体上分为准市民身份的农民工、自我雇用的个体农民工、依靠打工维生的农民工、失业农民工、失地农民工五个层次。

Stratification of migrant rural workers in the urbanization of China

The apperance of the Chinese migrant rural workers is an inevitable result of the contemporary society vicissitude.Social stratifation of the rural workers is an inevitable trend in the urbanization of China.It is also a unique phenomenum in China's modernization and a product of China's special social context.It is believed that problem of Chinese farmers' citizenship is firstly that of the migrant rural workers' citizenship.But it is impossible to give the citizenship to more than a hundred million rural workers at the same time.It is a problem to be solved in a process and by stages.In the paper,the gengeration theory social stratification theory were adopted to analyze the stratification of migrant rural workers.Through investigation and emperical analysis,the migrant rural workers who have entered the city are divided into five levels: rural workers with the status of quasi-citizenship,self-employed rural workers,migrant rural workers living on odd jobs,unemployed migrant rural workers,and landless rural workers.