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论科学研究中质与量的两种取向和方法
引用本文:嘎日达,何方.论科学研究中质与量的两种取向和方法[J].北京大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2004,41(1):54-62.
作者姓名:嘎日达  何方
作者单位:北京大学科学与社会研究中心 北京100871
摘    要:客观存在的一切事物都具有质和量的两种规定性,质和量构成了科学研究的两个取向,或两个侧重点。质的研究和量的研究在方法论原则、研究程序、步骤、收集资料的方法上都存在着差别。在社会研究领域,由于社会现象的特殊性和复杂性,存在着质的研究与量的研究哪一种更合理、更科学的争论。本文通过对两者的简略分析和比较,说明它们是既有区别又互相补充的研究方法,把质的研究与量的研究结合起来是科学研究的必然要求。

关 键 词:研究方法  质的研究  量的研究

On the Qualitative and Quantitative Orientations and Methods in Scientific Research
GA Ri-da.On the Qualitative and Quantitative Orientations and Methods in Scientific Research[J].Journal of Peking University(Humanities and Social Sciences),2004,41(1):54-62.
Authors:GA Ri-da
Abstract:All the objective things have features of quality and quantity, which form the orientations or stresses of scientific researches. Qualitative and quantitative researches diverge from each other on methodological principle, procedure, data collection and analysis. In social research, due to the special and complex nature of social phenomena, the qualitative_quantitative debate has ensued. Through brief analyzing and comparing of qualitative and quantitative researches, this paper will argue that these two methods mutually complete each other though they differ from one another. It is an inevitable requirement to combine qualitative and quantitative methods in scientific researches.
Keywords:research method  qualitative research  quantitative research  
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