文学本质界说考论——以“审美”与“意识形态”关系为中心

从马克思的原文和权威译文的表述看,“社会意识形式”、“意识形态”、“意识形态的形式”三个概念是有严格区别的。马克思没有把“社会意识形式”与“意识形态”相等同,更没有把文学简单界说为“意识形态”。文学应归属于一种“社会意识形式”。“审美”与“意识形态”的关系极为复杂,将“审美”和“意识形态”组合成“审美意识形态”概念,并用此作为对文学本质的界定,是不准确的。

Textual Criticism on Definition of the Nature of Literature

The three important concepts of the form of social consciousness, ideology, and ideological form, are distinctive in Marx's original texts and in Chinese authoritative translations. Marx did not treat the form of social consciousness and ideology as equals; neither did he define the nature of literature in terms of ideology. Literature is related to the form of social consciousness, and the relation between aesthetics and ideology is complicated. It is inappropriate to turn the two terms of aesthetics and ideology into the notion of aesthetic ideology, and to use the notion to define the nature of literature.