佛教与婆罗门教禅观念比较

禅的观念最早起源于古代印度，在佛教和婆罗门教中都有重要表述。两教中的禅观念与印度古代奥义书中的思想有重要关联。二者在吸收借鉴早期奥义书的一些思想的基础上提出了较为系统的印度禅观念。两教都认为一般的心作用或杂念妨碍人们认识事物的本来面目，应当抑制，并认为进入禅定要遵守一些基本的行为规范。遮诠的方法在两教中都是重要的禅定手法。佛教和婆罗门教对禅定种类的区分不尽相同，而且对禅定所要体悟的对象理解不同。

A Comparison between the Dhyana Concepts of Buddhism and Brahmanism

The earliest dhyana concept is originated in ancient India. There are important expressions of the concepts both in Buddhism and Brahmanism. The dhyana concepts of the two religions have close connection with the thoughts of Upanisads in ancient India. On the basis of absorption of some early Upanisads' thoughts the two religions have raised systematic dhyana concepts in India. The two religions all believe that ordinary mental modifications or distracting thoughts prevent people from seeing the real face of things, so they should be restrained. It is also believed in both religions that in order to enter into the state of dhyana, it is necessary to follow some basic regulations of behavior. The mode of realizing things by negation is the important dhyana mode in Buddhism and Brahmanism. The two religions' classifications on dhyana are not the same, and their understandings of dhyana object are also different.