建构"深度贫困"伦理关怀的理据及路径

当前深度贫困已经成为脱贫攻坚中的“坚中之坚”,发展能力与机会的缺失以及心理的失衡与自然、经济上的致贫因素交织互构使得深度贫困不断地积累和沉淀，并突出地表现在地域与人群两个方面。深度贫困主体的现实境遇启示我们必须超越传统的治贫理念、方法和路径，发挥伦理关怀的功能。伦理关怀是深度贫困主体的内在需要，无论从责任、正义角度还是基于关怀伦理立场，社会都有为深度贫困主体提供伦理关怀的义务。在伦理关怀中，我们要以生存为基础，完善“深度贫困”的物质关怀体系；以尊重为宗旨，满足深度贫困群体的精神需求；以制度为保障，促进深度贫困群体的权利实现；以发展为目标，培育“深度贫困”消解的自我发展能力。

Rationales and Paths for Constructing the Ethical Care of Deep Poverty

At present, deep poverty has become the hardest part in poverty alleviation.The lack of development capacity and opportunity as well as psychological imbalance that interweaves with natural and economic causes of poverty makes deep poverty accumulate and precipitate continuously, which is highlighted in two aspects: region and population.The reality of the subject of deep poverty enlightens us that we must transcend the traditional notions, methods and paths of poverty eradication and give full play to the function of ethical care.Ethical care is the inherent need of the subject of deep poverty, whether from the perspective of responsibility, justice or based on the ethical standpoint of care, society has the obligation to provide ethical care for the deep poor.As for the construction of ethical care for deep poverty, we should improve the material care system of deep poverty on the basis of survival; satisfy the spiritual needs of the deep poverty groups with respect as the purpose; guarantee the realization of the rights of the deep poverty groups with effective legal system ; cultivate self-development ability to eliminate deep poverty with the goal of development.