宋代新儒教哲学述论

宋儒哲学以“理”为终极关怀,故称之新儒教哲学。理论建设可上溯李翱的“复性”论,它是宋代新儒教哲学分辨理欲、变化气质学说的先导。张载提出“气”本体论,并分别“天地之性”和“气质之性”,将天理人欲之辨植入新儒教哲学系统。程颢、程颐把具有神学目的论的“天”,变成抽象的哲学本体的“理”,建立起“理”本体论,完成了新儒教哲学本体建设的使命。朱熹继承并深化了二程的“天理”论,把“心统性情”的心、性关系肯定为“心统万物”的心、物关系和心性本体,使新儒教哲学具备了完整的理论体系。

A Discussion on Neo- Confucian Religious Philosophy in Song Dynasty

Confucian philosophy in Song dynasty treats rite as ultimate concern and so it's called Neo-Confucian religious philosophy. Theoretically it can be traced to Li Ao in Tang dynasty. He brought out a theory that revert the nature of human being, which was in fact the forerunner of Neo-Confucian religious philosophy. Zhang Zai, a great ideologist in North Song dynasty, put forward an ontology of Qi and inserted the discernment of natural truth and human desire into Neo-Confucian religious philosophy. Chen Hao and Chen Yi created an ontology of rite, thus set up a consummate ontology for Neo-Confucian religious philosophy. As a successor to Brothers of Chen, Zhu Xi, the most outstanding scholar in South Song, built up a finished and integrated Neo-Confucian religious philosophy.