南方三岁以下幼儿汉语声调习得研究

基于一名长沙汉语幼儿的长期跟踪研究，旨在探讨南方三岁以下汉语幼儿何时掌握汉语四声调，其声调习得顺序以及声调发展的过程。结果表明：尽管该幼儿在两岁时区分汉语阳平和上声时存在部分困难，但她已经基本掌握了汉语四个声调，可较为准确地进行产出。随着年龄的增长，与母语接触相应增多，该幼儿产出的声调特征不断向母语靠近，体现了母语的影响。研究结果支持了早期交互假设,不支持独立假设。

Lexical Tone Acquisition by a Southern Mandarin-speaking Child under Three

Based on the longitudinal data of one Mandarin-speaking child under three years old living in Changsha, this paper is to explore when the child has acquired the four Mandarin tones (T1,T2,T3,T4), the order of acquisition and the process of tone acquisition. The findings reveal that the child has almost gained a full mastery of tone system of Mandarin by the age of two. Though she has difficulty in distinguishing T2 and T3, there is no problem in her production. As she grows older, she has more exposure to her mother tongue, and her production of the tones is approximating that of adults. The results reveal that ambient language plays an important role in her production development. The Hypothesis of Early Interaction is supported by these findings, but the Independence Hypothesis is not well validated.