成本──收益分析:探视道德行为的新视角

源于经济学且功利色彩十分浓厚的成本──收益分析方法的前提是追求效用的最大化。道德本身也是一种追求效用最大化的行为，而且道德行为除了利他性以外，也具有自利性、经济性和计算性，在内在特征上与成本──收益分析方法的内在要求相一致，因此，用成本──收益分析方法研究道德行为不仅是可行的，而且还可以揭示道德行为的特点与规律，为研究道德行为提供新的视角。

The Cost-profit Analysis: A New Angle in the Study on Moral Behavior

The cost-profit analysis method, which originated from economics and carries with it a very strong sense of profit,aims at pursuing the greatest possible effects. Morality itself is also regarded as a kind of behavior whose purpose is to get the best possible effects. Morality not only produces benefit to other people, but is also self-beneficial and is closely tied with saving and planning. Morality matches the cost-profit analysis method in matters of basic principals. So it is possible to apply the cost-profit analysis method to study moral behavior and doing so , one can delineate moral principles and highlight the various laws of moral behavior. As a result, the approach provides us with a new angle in the study of moral behavior.