基于比较优势理论的北京会展业竞争优势研究

李嘉图的比较优势理论和波特的钻石理论解释了一个国家或区域贸易的比较优势和竞争优势及竞争优势的产生原因,形成了完整的比较优势理论体系。本文以比较理论为指导,采用将RCA、市场占有率等定量与定性分析相结合的研究方法分析北京的会展业竞争优势。研究表明,北京会展业对区域经济的贡献度比较突出,在市场格局中具有明显的比较竞争优势,会议产业的竞争优势尤其突出,在整个国际会展业中也逐渐显露头角。利用钻石模型进一步探究了影响北京会展业竞争优势的因素。其中,北京的生产要素优势非常突出,面临着巨大的市场需求,同时也有较好的机遇条件;企业战略、结构和竞争、支持性产业和相关产业状况以及政府方面还需要进一步的提高和改善。提出进一步提升北京会展业竞争优势的途径,包括政府层面加强会展业的扶持和重点培育,加快企业的成长和体制改革,发挥会展行业协会作用,加强与相关产业的合作,加强区域会展业联动。

Research on the Competitive Advantage of Beijing MICE Industry based on Comparative Advantage Theory

The Comparative Advantage Theory by David Ricardo and the Diamond Theory by Michael E.Porter illustrate the comparative advantage and the competitive advantage for national or regional trade as well as the reasons for competitive advantage.Both theories form a complete theoretical system for comparative advantage.In this paper,the competitive advantage of Beijing MICE industry is analyzed based on Comparative Advantage Theory together with quantitative methods including RCA and market share rate accompanied by qualitative analysis.The result shows that Beijing MICE industry has the apparent comparative advantage in market competition and makes great contributions to regional development,especially the industry of conferences and meetings.The factors influencing the competitive advantage of Beijing MICE industry are further examined with the help of diamond model.Among all the factors,the means of production is of great advantage,facing vast market demand as well as better opportunities.Other aspects such as corporation strategy,structure and competitiveness,supportive industries and related industries still need improving.Finally,the measures are proposed for enhancing the competitiveness of Beijing MICE industry.The government should help sustain and foster the MICE industry and facilitate the systematic reform of MICE corporations.Besides,the association of MICE industry should play its role in strengthening the cooperation between MICE and other industries.