府际关系的公共选择理论分析

在既定的组织中,决策成本和决策人数与总人数的比例之间呈正相关关系,外部成本与这个比例之间呈负相关关系,而决策总成本(决策成本与外部成本之和)与这个比例之间则是U型关系。根据这个理论,我们将决策人数变量转换成政府决策数变量,就可以得出这样的结论:政府的合理纵向分权既可以减小决策成本,又可以增加政府决策的代表性。而成本的大小与代表性的大小之间又存在着替代关系,具体的组合关系取决于个人和社会的偏好。

An Analysis on Public Choice Theory of Inter- governmental Relations

In a specific organization,there is a positive correlation between the decision-making cost and the proportion of the number of decision makers to that of total persons and a negative correlation between the external cost and the said proportion,while a U-type relation is observed between the total decision-making cost(the sum of decision-making cost and external cost) and the said proportion.According to this theory,by converting the variables of decision makers into the variables of governmental decisions,we can obtain such conclusion as: the rational vertical power distribution of a government not only can reduce the decision-making cost,but also increase the representativeness of governmental decisions,while a substitutive relation is observed between the cost volume and representative extent and the particular composition relies on the individual and social preferences.