新批评＂自律性＂文学观源流探

新批评的自律性文学观是对文论史上被冷落甚至被抹杀了的文学独立价值的再次申说和改写。从“审美不涉利害”到“为艺术而艺术”,从“非个性化”到“文学的内在必然性”,从“本体论”到“意图谬见”、“感受谬见”和“起因谬见”,新批评将作品变成了一个与作者、读者和现实无关的独立自足的文本。这种绝对化的文本崇拜,使文学研究具备合法性、超越性和神性的同时也丧失了有效性、现实性和人文性。

Origin and Development of Concept of Literary Autonomy in New Criticism

The concept of literary autonomy in New Criticism is a restatement and rewrite of independent value of literature,which is desolated and even obliterated in the history of literary theory.From "Aesthetic judgement's non-utility" to "Art for art's sake",from "Depersonalization" to "Inner certainty of literature",from "Ontology Criticism" to "Intentional fallacy" and "Affective fallacy" and "original fallacy",New Criticism regards literary works as all autonomous text which has nothing to do with its author,readers and reality.The absolute worship of text provides literary study with legitimacy,transcendence and divinity,but meanwhile,this kind of study loses validity,reality and humanity.